International Journal of Medical Science and Dental Research

Current Issue Volume 5 Issue 1 (January-February 2022)

    • Effect of Adding Chicken eggs hell powder on Solubility and Bioactivity of Some Types of Calcium Silicate Based Materials
      Abstract:
      OBJECTIVE: To evaluate thesolubility and bioactivity of some types of calcium silicate-based materials incorporating chicken eggshell powder (CESP).
      MATERIALAND METHODS: The samples were prepared in eight groups, including non-modifiedglass ionomer (NMGIC, n = 10), 1% eggshell incorporated GICs (ESGIC, n = 10),3% eggshell incorporated GICs (ESGIC, n = 10), 5% eggshell incorporated GICs (eggshell GIC, n = 10), non-modified biodentine (NMBD, n = 10),1% eggshell incorporated BD (ESBD, n = 10),3% eggshell incorporated BD,(n= 10) 5% eggshell incorporated BD(n = 10). The solubility of modifiedcalcium silicate-based materials wasevaluated. Thesamples of bioactivity were immersed in simulating body fluid for 1month.Samples were then examined by scanning electron microscopeand energy disperse x ray spectroscopyto examine interfacial layer and Ca/P ratio.
      RESULTS: A significantincrease in solubility of modified calcium silicate-based materials was found. Also,the interfacial layer can be seen in GIC and BD groups that modified with ESP. There was a statistically significant difference in the Ca/P ratio among all investigated groups. CONCLUSION: Addition of ESP to GIC and BD can increase solubility of materials and improve the mineral deposition at dentine/ material interface.


      Keywords:: bioactivity, biodentine, eggshell powder, solubility, glass ionomer.



    • Bioactivity, Water Sorption and Solubility of Sol-Gel Formulated Glass-Ionomer Cement Modified With Nano-Fluorapatite
      Abstract:
      OBJECTIVE:To assess the bioactivity, water sorption and solubility of sol-gel formulated glass-ionomer cement (FGIC) (60%SiO2, 35%CaO, 5%P2O5) with and without incorporation of Nano-fluorapatite (Nano-FAp) regarding to the commercial glass ionomer cement (CGIC).
      MATERIAL AND METHODS: The tested glass-ionomer cement was formulated by sol-gel method and nano-fluorapatite was incorporated into this formulated glass-ionomer with different percentages (1wt%, 2wt%, 3wt%, and 4wt %). A total number of 216 samples were used in this study. The samples were categorized in six groups; group1 CGIC (negative control), group 2; FGIC (positive control), group 3; FGIC/1wt% Nano-FAp, group 4; FGIC/2wt% Nano-FAp, group 5; FGIC/3wt% Nano-FAp; and Group 6; FGIC/4wt% Nano-FAp. Each group was subdivided into two subgroups of (18) samples each according to type of the test.The samples were characterized and tested for bioactivity after immersion in simulating body fluid (SBF) for 28 days, and for water sorption and solubility after 7 days of immersion in distilled water. One-way ANOVA tests was used to analyze data statistical significant is stablished at probability level of 0.05.
      RESULTS: FGIC recorded higher Ca/P ratio when compared to CGIC and this ratio increases with the increase of the percentage of the added nano-FAp. Also, FGIC recorded higher water sorption and solubility when compared to CGIC and its water sorption and solubility decreased when the amount of added nano-FAp increased.
      CONCLUSION: The sol-gel formulated GIC has higher bioactivity, higher water sorption and solubility than the commercial GIC. However, the incorporation of nano-FAp improves the bioactivity of this sol-gel formulated GIC and decreases its water sorption and solubility along with the increases in concentrations.



    • Evaluation of Vertical Marginal Gap of Long Span Implant Supported Fixed Dental Prostheses Fabricated with different CAD/CAM Materials
      Abstract:
      Long span implant prosthetic materials capable of reducing biological or mechanical violation on the implants and supporting structures are highly required. With the introduction of high-performance polymers, this situation should be evaluated.
      Aim:
      To evaluate the vertical marginal gap of CAD/CAM long span implant supported fixed dental prostheses fabricated from polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) compared to Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and zirconia.
      Material and methods:
      Two implants with straight abutments were inserted in a metal model representing lower first premolar and second molar. Twenty-one frameworks of fourunit FDPs were milled with three materials; PEKK, PEEK and Zirconia, and divided according to type of material into three groups (n = 7). The Vertical marginal gap of cemented frameworks was measured using stereo microscope (3˗MA 100 Nikon stereo microscope Japan) at 70x magnification. For each specimen; four shots were captured, then the images were transferred to an image analysis software (Omnimet Buehler USA) for vertical marginal gap evaluation.
      Results:
      The mean marginal gab values were [64.28 ± 17.06 μm], [66.54 ± 14.16 μm] and [58.82 ± 11.64 μm] for the PEEK, PEKK and Zirconia groups respectively. There were no statistically significant differences between the PEEK and PEKK groups while both of the two groups increase significantly than the zirconia group.
      Conclusion:
      The vertical marginal gap values of the long span implant supported FDPs were affected by the material type. The obtained results were all within the clinically accepted range.


      Keywords:: Framework, Marginal gap, PEEK, PEKK, Zirconia



    • Bioactivity and Phytochemical Compound Test on Black Betel Leaves (Piper betle var. nigra) A Literature Review
      Abstract:
      Indonesia has abundant biodiversity throughout its land and seas. The use of plants as treatment has been carried out for a long time by people in Indonesia. Biodiversity Indonesia has abundant potential herbal plants. One of the potential herbal plants is the black betel leaf (Piper betel). The people of Indonesia have long used black betel. Black betel leaf contains phytochemical compounds, namely alkaloids, saponins, tannins, and flavonoids. Empirically, this plant has been used by the community for several uses and also has many bioactivities, namely as an antiseptic, analgesic, antioxidant, antibacterial, antidiarrheal, anti-inflammatory, and other activities that are good for the body where it is hoped that this plant can be developed into output in the form of products that are good for the body. The community can use it. The results of a journal search where we found many secondary compounds found in black betel leaf, which are in the flavonoid, terpenoid, alkaloid, and other groups, besides that we found several activities that were scientifically recorded, including antibacterial, antioxidant, antihyperglycemic, antifungal activity. and others. Black betel leaf has many activities, including antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antihyperglycemic, and others supported by supporting secondary compounds.


      Keywords:: Black Betel Leaf, Phytochemistry, bioactivity, Piper betel, potency



    • The Efficacy of Secondary Metabolit Compounds in Keledang Plant (Artocarpus lanceifolius) as Anticytoxic: Literature Review
      Abstract:
      Cancer is a disease characterized by the presence of eccentric cells that can grow uncontrollably and have the competency to assail, move cells and body tissues. Indonesia as the second most sizably voluminous megabiodervisty in the world with abundant flora diversity with sundry benefits. The keledang plant is empirically kenned to be efficacious as an anticytotoxic. The purport of the literature review is to review the content of secondary metabolites and the bioactivity of the keledang plant in inhibiting cancer cell magnification. Methods utilized in article search reviewing national and international journals that have been scopus indexed, accredited by SINTA utilizing the Pubmed, Google Philomath and Researchgate platforms.Systematic Literature Review (SLR) design is a systematic literature review by identifying, assessing and interpreting all findings on one research topic.The results of the study obtained that the keledang plant yielded sundry isoprenylated flavonoid compounds containing isoprenyl side chain at C-3, 2,4-dioxygenated or 2,4,5-trioxygenated pattern in ring B of 2,3 flavone framework, exhibiting consequential cytotoxic effect on murine leukemia P-388 cells. Artobiloxanthone binds to the active site of the enzyme transglutaminase 2 (TG2), this enzyme as an anticancer target.


      Keywords:: Anticytotoxic, Artocarpus lanceifolius, Cancer, Secondary metabolites, Keledang plant.



    • A Comparative Evaluation of the Efficacy of Three Different Treatment Modalities in Dentin Hypersensitivity Management (An In Vivo Study)
      Abstract:
      Objective : This study was conducted to evaluate the clinical effect of three different treatment modalities in management of dentin hypersensitivity.
      patients and methods: Twenty seven hypersensitive teeth from nine patients were enrolled for this study. Patients were randomly divided into three groups according to desensitizing agents (Citrine varnish, Charm varnish and Gluma adhesive) . Patients assessment of dentin hypersensitivity was done before application of the agent (baseline) then 1 week, 4 weeks and 3 months respectively. Patients were asked to rate their perception to air stimuli by using and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS).
      Results: The results of this clinical study revealed that there was high significant difference (p ≤ 0.05) between pain scores before and after treatment for all tested groups. Totally there was statistically significant difference (p ≤ 0.05) between the three groups as proven by Chi square test where Citrine varnish group was the highest followed by charm sense varnish group and the lowest was Gluma group in management of dentin hypersensitivity.
      Conclusions: Citrine varnish , Charm varnish and Gluma were effective occluding dentinal tubules and alleviating the hypersensitivity symptoms, with citrine varnish being the most effective within 1 to 2 weeks and sustained up to 3 months.


      Keywords:: Dentin hypersensitivity, Dentin desensitizing agents, Sodium fluoride , Gluma.



    • Antibacterial Activity of Zinc Oxide and Copper Oxide Nanocomposite
      Abstract:Nanotechnology has recently emerged as a critical antimicrobial strategy. We developed a novel fluoride-containing zinc-copper nanocomposite (FZC). This study aimed to investigate the antibacterial effect of the nanocomposite and its effect on cell activity.A fluoride-containing zinc-copper nanocomposite (FZC) was synthesized according to the previous study and observed SEM.We analyzed the antibiotic susceptibility of S. mutans (ATCC 25175) to different concentrations of FZC. The bacterial were cultured in BHI medium with FZC and incubated for 24 h at 37°C. The antibacterial effect was calculated by the colony-forming units (CFUs). Cell viability assay was measured using hDPSCs cultured with Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium and 10% aqueous solution. After that, Cell viability was measured by the Cell counting Kit-8. The control BHI medium allowed bacterial growth, whereas Ca (OH)2 and ZCF(350 mg/ml, 87.5 mg/ml, 21.9 mg/ml) allowed no bacterial growth. The cell activity of FCZ was 80% that of the control.The fluoride-containing zinc-copper nanocomposite developed in this study had higher antimicrobial activity than calcium hydroxide. Even if it's diluted 1000 times, it showed a little antibacterial effect. However, it affects cell activity with no lethal effects.

      Keywords:: Antibacterial activity, Biomaterial, Cell viability, Nanocomposite