International Journal of Medical Science and Dental Research

Current Issue Volume 8 Issue 3 (May-June 2025)

    • Malignant Transformation of Ovarian Dermoid-A Case Report
      Abstract: Mature cystic teratomas, also called dermoids, typically make up about 20% of growths on the ovaries. These benign germ cell tumors consist of at least two of the three layers that form in early development (ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm).1 In many instances, dermoids don't cause any symptoms and are found incidentally. However, they can lead to symptoms if they become large and press on nearby tissues. A serious complication that can arise from mature cystic teratomas is the development of cancer, which occurs in up to 2% of cases, with squamous cell carcinoma being the most common type (80%).2 This case report will examine an instance where an ovarian dermoid transformed into a malignancy, along with potential treatment approaches.



        • Measuring the Self-Efficacy about Self-Care among Students at Baghdad University Campus
          Abstract:: This descriptive study, aiming to assess self-efficacy in self-care, was conducted at the University of Baghdad, specifically targeting students at the College of Nursing and the College of Education/Ibn-Rushed. Data was collected from a non-probability (purposive) sample of 255 students between February 19th and March 27th, 2025, using a 10-item self-care self-efficacy scale administered through interviews. The study period spanned from December 30th, 2024, to May 21st, 2025. Descriptive statistical analysis procedures (frequencies, percentages) and the mean of score were used in analyzing data using the SPSS version 16.
          The results of the study:: Showed that the study findings indicate that the students generally demonstrated a moderate level of self-efficacy in their ability to practice self-care. Specifically, a large majority (68.2%) expressed being somewhat confident, while nearly a third (31.4%) reported being extremely confident in their self-care capabilities.
          Conclusions:: Self-efficacy regarding self-care, the students generally showed a moderate level. Most students felt somewhat confident in their self-care abilities, while a substantial portion reported being extremely confident. The authors recommend addressing the moderate self-care efficacy observed among Baghdad University students, particularly the predominantly female and first-year cohorts, targeted self-care programs are recommended. Furthermore, integrating self-care education into the curriculum, especially within the IbnRushed College of Education, could normalize and emphasize its importance. Finally, further research is needed to understand the factors influencing these moderate levels and to explore variations across colleges and income levels for more tailored interventions.


          Keywords: Self-efficacy, Students’ Self-care, Baghdad University Campus



            • Probiotic Gel (Lactobacillus Rhamnosus) as Local Drug Delivery in the Management of Chronic Periodontitis
              Abstract:
              Introduction:: Periodontitisis a polymicrobial and multifactorial infection affecting the tooth supporting structures. There are increasing number of researchers seeking alternatives to antibiotics due to resistance and emergence of new pathogenic strains. Natural polymeric biomaterials have shown promising results in periodontics. Therefore, this study evaluates the effects of 1% (w/v) probiotic lactobacillus rhamnosus gel as an active agent, on periodontal indices and periodontopathogens, Porphyromonasgingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, adjunctive to scaling and root planning (SRP) in comparison to SRP alone.
              Materials and Methods::Thirty patients with chronic periodontitis were included and categorized into Control group: SRP alone, and Test group: SRP along with probiotic lactobacillus rhamnosus gel. Clinical parameters like PI, GI, GBI, PPD and CAL were assessed at baseline, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months. Subgingival plaque samples were collected at baseline and 1 month to assess periodontopathogens. GCF samples were collected at baseline and 1 month to assess MMP8 values.
              Results::Statistically significant improvement occurred in clinical parameters in test group at 6 months compared to baseline. Statistically significant reduction in the mean CFU counts of the periodontopathogens was seen within the groups. Statistically significant reduction in MMP8 values were also seen between the groups.
              Conclusion::Probiotic lactobacillus rhamnosus gel as a local drug delivery can be used in the non-surgical treatment of chronic periodontitis.


              Keywords: Lactobacillus rhamnosus, local drug delivery, periodontitis, probiotic, scaling



                • Needle Electromyography, Perspectives of Development with Telescopic Electrodes
                  Abstract: In Needle Electromyography (EMG) measuring motor unit (MU) territory of neuromuscular system evaluation is used. Painfulness and traumaticity, labor intensity of the examination are regarded as serious disadvantages of needle EMG, these disadvantages are especially expressed in Single-Fiber Electromyography (SFEMG). The author offers a new needle electrode of telescopic construction, new methods and new parameters for evaluation of motor unit territory, single muscle fiber and neuromuscular system function. The new electrode significantly reduces labor intensity, painfulness and traumaticity of tests. Accuracy of tests is increased, especially in SFEMG, it is available to measure transverse sizes of single muscle fibers. New parameters enable to identify (evaluate) the density of motor units, crossing of motor unit territories and other characteristics of muscle. A significant reduction of painfulness, traumaticity and labor intensity of the examination will promote wide use of needle EMG possibly in pediatric patients as well. New methods and parameters enable better evaluation of functional state of motor units, single muscle fibers and neuromuscular system.


                  Keywords: Electromyography; scanning electromyography; needle electrode; motor unit; painfulness; motor unit territory; labor intensity; single fiber electromyography (SFEGM).



                    • SUCCESSFUL MANAGEMENT OF ALOPECIA AREATA AT DR BATRA’S
                      Abstract: Alopecia Areata is an autoimmune disorder characterized by sudden, patchy hair loss caused by the immune system attacking hair follicles. This paper explores successful management of alopecia areata at Dr Batra’s.The successful management of this case highlights the importance of homeopathy in addressing both the emotional triggers and immune system dysfunction in alopecia areata treatment.


                      Keywords: Dr Batra’s, Alopecia Areata, Homeopathic Treatment



                        • Advancing Dental Care: Clinical Applications and Challenges of AI-Integrated Oral Scanning in Patients With Full Dental Implant Cases
                          Abstract: AI-integrated Oral scanning revolutionizes the field of dental diagnostics and treatment planning, making precision and efficiency greater. This article deals with developments and applications of AI-integrated Oral scanners within dentistry in terms of orthodontics, restorative dentistry, periodontics and implantology. By providing accurate assessments of oral health with detailed, high-resolution digital impressions, these scanners can provide a good basis for treatment in such an aspect. The AI-integrated oral scanners represent a significant leap in dental care, offering increased precision, efficiency, and user-centric designs. This paper presents clinical case reports demonstrating the clinical applications of the Oral AI Scanner, focusing on preventive full-mouth scans and full dental implant procedures. Key findings include the scanner's ability to capture high-quality digital impressions and real-time visualization capabilities, which improve diagnostic accuracy and patient communication. While the device had a good performance in most test scenarios, several limitations were noticed, including full-implant cases with poor natural occlusion, where there was difficulty capturing bite force. This further reveals that scan speed and accuracy will have to improve significantly to bring the best out of complex dental cases. The analysis underscores the device’s potential for transforming dental practice, but also identifies areas for enhancement, including addressing clinical challenges, comparing with traditional methods, and exploring future integration with other dental technologies. By refining these aspects, Oral AI Scanners can achieve greater reliability and efficiency, ultimately improving treatment planning and patient care. In general, the applications of AI in oral scanning promise much in order to improve patient care and streamline workflows and the quality of digital impressions in dental practice. AI-integrated oral scanning is transforming dental diagnostics and treatment planning by delivering enhanced precision, efficiency, and patient-centric care. This paper explores the application of AI-powered scanners in clinical settings, particularly in orthodontics, restorative dentistry, periodontics, and implantology. Through high-resolution digital impressions and real-time analysis, these scanners support more accurate diagnoses and improve patient engagement. Notably, our advanced oral scanner includes a unique feature that identifies unscanned areas and temporarily halts the scan, prompting the user to complete the missed sections. This ensures comprehensive coverage and eliminates the risk of overlooked anatomical zones. Combined with user-friendly software and real-time feedback, this functionality significantly enhances workflow efficiency and diagnostic accuracy. The study presents clinical use cases demonstrating these benefits, alongside challenges such as difficulty in capturing bite alignment in edentulous cases. Findings suggest that continuous refinement of AI algorithms and scanner hardware will further elevate the role of digital technologies in dental care.


                          Keywords: AI-integrated Oral Scanners, Dental Diagnostics, Digital Impressions, Treatment Planning, Clinical Applications