International Journal of Medical Science and Dental Research

Current Issue Volume 8 Issue 4 (July-August 2025)

    • Piper betle and Piper nigrum: Siddha, Traditional and Modern Perspectives on their Role as Antidotes Against Toxic Effects
      Abstract:Piper betle and Piper nigrum are highly valued in traditional medicine systems and have been used since ancient times to treat various disease conditions. This review aims to systematically evaluate the scientific evidence supporting their potential role as antidotes against toxic effects, integrating insights from modern pharmacology, Siddha, Ayurveda, and other traditional medical systems. In Siddha Medicine, Piper betle (Vettilai) is esteemed for its role in balancing the three humours and treating a range of ailments. Piper nigrum (Milaku) is recognized for its broad therapeutic properties. Traditionally, Piper betle and Piper nigrum have been utilized in the treatment of various toxic conditions, including food poisoning, venomous bites, snakebites, and gastrointestinal disorders. The leaves of Piper betle have also been applied as a hemostatic agent in cases of snakebite. Contemporary research has highlighted the antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties of these plants. Notably, significant antibacterial activity, which may help prevent secondary infections at envenomation sites. Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties of Piper nigrum and its active constituents, such as piperine, suggest a potential role in reducing pain and inflammation associated with toxic bites and explores as potential antidotes for various toxic effects and highlighting the potential of these plants in mitigating toxicity and promoting health. However, studies specifically validating anti-venom effects are limited, and clinical trials are needed to confirm efficacy and safety in humans. While these plants show promise as adjunct therapies, they should not replace conventional medical treatments for serious envenomation, emphasising the importance of integrating traditional knowledge with evidence-based medicine.


      Keywords: Antidote, Betle, Detoxification, Pepper, Poison, Toxicity, Venom,



        • A Case of Down Syndrome in A Pregnant Woman Healed Successfully Using Yoga Prana Vidya Healing Protocols
          Abstract:
          Background:: Down Syndrome is a complex genetic disorder characterized by cognitive impairment, developmental delays, and systemic health challenges. Integrative approaches are increasingly explored to complement conventional therapies. Yoga Prana Vidya (YPV), a subtle energy healing modality, has shown promise in enhancing healthy foetus and psychological and physiological well-being of the mother.
          Objective: To assess the impact of YPV practices, this study presents a case of down syndrome in a pregnant woman healed using YPV healing protocols.
          Case Presentation: A 31-year-oldfemale diagnosed with Down Syndrome during second trimester underwent a 7-day YPV intervention with, energy healing techniques applied to both mother and foetus, and positive affirmations, and Forgiveness Sadhana sessionsself-practiced by the mother. Risk assessments of down syndrome through screening tests were done before and after the intervention.
          Results:Evaluations post-intervention revealed significant improvement in down syndrome shifting from high risk to low risk. The subject showed reduced irritability, relieved of anxiety and worry, with increased verbal responsiveness, and greater participation in routine activities. No adverse effects were noted during or after the intervention period.
          Conclusion:These findings of improvement in down syndrome condition using YPV energy healing in case of a pregnant woman are unique and comparison with previous studies is not available. However, there are studies highlighting the benefits of energy-based modalities in neurodevelopmental conditions of children born with deficiencies. YPV practices appear to have achieved a positive impact with positive outcomes in Down Syndrome. Further research with larger samples and controlled designs is recommended.


          Keywords: Down Syndrome, Yoga Prana Vidya System®, YPV®



            • Evaluation of Heat Shock Protein-70 Level in Patients with Periodontitis & Periodontitis With Diabetes Mellitus Type-II Before and After Srp: A Clinico- Biochemical Study
              Abstract:
              Introduction : : Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease of periodontium which is caused by periodontopathic bacteria. Moreover, various cytokines such as Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and IL-6 are expressed in the inflamed periodontium. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) protect cells from abnormal conditions including inflammation, microbial infection and diseases.
              Aim: To evaluate the levels of HSP 70 in healthy, periodontitis and periodontitis with diabetic mellitus type 2 before and after SRP.
              Methodology: A total of 24 patients between the age range of 30-60 years were selected for the study and divided equally into 3 groups with each group consisting of 8 patients. HSP70 levels were evaluated at baseline and after 6 weeks in GCF and serum.
              Result:There was decrease in the levels of HSP70 in GCF and serum of periodontitis with diabetic mellitus type 2 patients as compared to healthy patients after SRP and the decrease of HSP70 was seen to be more in GCF as compared to that in serum. Clinical parameters (Plaque index, Gingival bleeding index and probing pocket depth) also reduced significantly after SRP.
              Discussion: The levels of HSP70 in all the three groups were reduced significantly after doing scaling and root planing.
              Conclusion:HSP 70 can be used as prognostic measure of periodontitis and diabetic patients. It produces more accurate results.


              Keywords: Heat shock protein-70, Periodontitis, Diabetes mellitus Type II, Indices, Biochemical study, SRP, GCF



                • Multidisciplinary Management of Post-Traumatic Unilateral Condylar Hypoplasia with Endodontic and Endocrown Rehabilitation of Mandibular First Molar: A Case Report
                  Abstract:
                  Background: Acquired condylar hypoplasia after childhood trauma can lead to facial asymmetry, mandibular deviation, and reduced mouth opening. Restoring a severely damaged molar in such a constrained environment presents unique challenges.
                  A 25‑year‑old male reported with pain in the lower right first molar (tooth 46), limited mouth opening (~20 mm), and facial asymmetry. OPG and CBCT confirmed right condylar hypoplasia secondary to trauma 10 years earlier. Tooth 46 had irreversible pulpitis and significant coronal destruction. Root canal treatment followed by an adhesive lithium disilicate endocrown was performed.
                  Conclusion: Through careful diagnosis and adhesive restorative techniques, full rehabilitation was achieved in a challenging clinical scenario. Endocrown proved to be a conservative, effective option in cases with limited access and structural loss.


                  Keywords: Condylar hypoplasia; CBCT; endodontics; endocrown; facial asymmetry; trauma sequelae



                    • Effects of Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy on Serum And Gcf Calcium Levels in Periodontitis Patients With and Without Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
                      Abstract:
                      Background: Evidence has shown a bi-directional link between diabetes mellitus and periodontitis. Calcium and Insulin are important for the formation of bone collagen and depletion of bone calcium leads to alveolar bone loss, and tooth loss in periodontitis patients with diabetes. Non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) for patients with periodontitis and diabetes mellitus improves the periodontal condition and regulates glycemic level.
                      Aims and Objectives:To assess the impact of calcium on periodontal disease and diabetes mellitus and to analyze impact of NSPT on Serum and GCF calcium levels in periodontitis with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
                      Materials and Methods: A total of 36 Subjects were divided into three groups: Group I: Systemically healthy subjects(n=12), Group II: Systemically healthy subjects with periodontitis (n=12), Group III: Subjects with periodontitis and T2DM (n=12). Indices like plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), gingival bleeding index (GBI), periodontal probing depth (PPD), and Clinical attachment level (CAL) were assessed at baseline and three months after NSPT in all subjects. Random blood sugar (RBS) level was taken at baseline and 3 months after NSPT in Group III subjects. Serum and GCF Calcium levels were assessed at baseline and 3 months after NSPT in all subjects.
                      Results:After NSPT, there was a statistically significant difference was observed in comparing clinical parameters, Serum, and GCF calcium levels in Group II and Group III subjects at baseline and after 3 months (P<0.001). A positive correlation was observed between serum and GCF calcium levels and RBS in Group III subjects and A negative correlation was observed between GCF and Serum calcium levels and GI in Group I subjects (p>0.001).
                      Conclusion: Based on the observed relationship between calcium and the clinical parameters, Calcium utility as a biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis in periodontal disease seems promising. However, further studies with a larger sample size on the role of calcium in health and various states of diseases are required to substantiate the result of the study.


                      Keywords: Chronic Periodontitis, Diabetes Mellitus, GCF Calcium, Periodontal Therapy, Serum Calcium