International Journal of Medical Science and Dental Research

Current Issue Volume 7 Issue 5 (September-October 2024)

    • Education on Malocclusion and Orthodontic Treatment to Increase Students' Awareness of Dental Health Through Pre-Test and Post-Test Methods at SMPN 2 Probolinggo City
      Abstract:The level of public awareness of dental and oral health is still quite low, so the level prevalence of dental and oral health problems in Indonesia is still high. One of the dental and oral health problems that many people didn’t understand is malocclusion, malocclusion is about abnormalities in the position of the teeth and jaw. Malocclusion can affect the quality of life because it can interfere physically and psychologically. This lecture activity aims to increase the knowledge of students and the school community about malocclusion and orthodontic treatment which is evaluated using pretest and posttest methods for students at SMPN 2 Probolinggo City. Each class is divided into small groups to receive counseling. Before the counseling is carried out, each student is given a pretest sheet which aims to measure how much the student understands about malocclusion and orthodontic treatment. And next, malocclusion cases are examined using the ICON Index (Index of Complexity, Outcome, and Need) and than students are given counseling about malocclusion and orthodontic treatment. At the end, students were given another posttest sheet which aimed to evaluate how well the students were able to absorb and understand information about malocclusion and orthodontic treatment. Based on the total score obtained, it can be determined that the level of understanding and to absorb/receive information of the counseling for female students is better than for male students. This can be seen from the total population, the percentage of female students is 39.34% who can receive the information very well, 6.23% of female students who have not been able to absorb/receive the counseling information, 8.52% of female students have no change in understanding (get the same point for pretest and posttest), and 0, 66% of female students understood from the start about malocclusion and orthodontic treatment. Meanwhile, 23.93% of male students were able to absorb/receive the information very well, 8.85% of male students were not able to absorb/receive the information well, and 9.84% of male students had no change in their understanding of malocclusion and 2.62% of male students understood from the start about malocclusion and orthodontic treatment. From the results of the data above, it can show the level of understanding and is expected to provide an initial overview of counseling methods for adolescent subjects.


      Keywords: Education, Malocclusion, Orthodontic, Probolinggo



    • The Effects of Intra-articular Platelet-Rich Plasma Injection on Severity of Knee Osteoarthritis
      Abstract:
      Introduction: The prevalence of osteoarthritis (OA) continues to rise along with the increase in life expectancy. When orally administered drugs are ineffective, intra-articular injection (IA) is the next treatment of choice. Intra-articular injection therapy with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has emerged as a conservative treatment for knee osteoarthritis. This study aims to investigate the effect of IA-PRP on the severity of knee OA.
      Methods:This study is a clinical trial conducted at Puri Raharja Hospital Bali from January to June 2022. Fifty-three patients with knee OA grades 2-3 Kellgren-Lawrence were injected with 2 ml PRP for each intra-articular injection. Two injections were done at one-week intervals. The severity of knee OA was determined by Western Ontario and McMaster's University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) score. The score was assessed before injection and two weeks after the first injection.
      Results:The mean age of the subjects was 64.79 years, dominated by females (64.2%), normal body mass index (35.8%), suffering from OA grade II (56.6%) based on radiographs, grades I and III on ultrasound of osteophyte size (34%), and grade 2A on ultrasound of cartilage (39.6%). After PRP injection, there was a decrease in the WOMAC score of pain (Mean Difference (MD) 4.77 ± 4.98, p<0.001), stiffness (MD 1.71 ± 2.2, p<0.001), functional disability (MD 16 .75 ± 14.4, p < 0.001), and total WOMAC (MD 24.77 ± 16.6, p < 0.001).
      Conclusion:Intra-articular injection of PRP 2 times in 1-week intervals can reduce the level of pain, stiffness, and functional disability in patients with knee OA grade 2-4.


      Keywords: PRP, intra-articular injection, genu, OA, WOMAC



        • Factors Influencing Pregnant Women's Intent to Undergo Dental and Oral Examinations during Antenatal Care (K1) Visits
          Abstract:
          Introduction: Maternal health during pregnancy is a significant concern, as a substantial portion of maternal deaths worldwide, including in Indonesia, are attributed to infections. Dental and oral diseases are among the primary causes of such infections. This study addresses the low uptake of dental and oral examinations among pregnant women during their first antenatal care (K1) visit.
          Aim: To examine the factors influencing pregnant women's intent to undergo dental and oral examinations as part of their antenatal care (K1).
          Material and Methods: A quasi-experimental study with a non-equivalent control group design was conducted. Pregnant women were divided into a treatment group that received maternal independence training and a control group that received no intervention. A pre-test was administered to both groups. The sample consisted of 60 pregnant women from various in Gunung Anyar district, Surabaya.
          Results: Age, occupation, and outcome expectancies did not significantly influence the intent to undergo dental examinations. However, education level, self-efficacy, and perceived risk were significant predictors of intent. Self-efficacy was the strongest predictor, with higher odds ratios in both the treatment and control groups.
          Conclusion: Factors such as education, self-efficacy, and perceived risk significantly influence pregnant women's intent to undergo dental and oral examinations during their first antenatal care visit. Interventions aimed at enhancing self-efficacy may be effective in increasing uptake of these services.


          Keywords: Intention, Antenatal Care (K1), dental and oral examinations, pregnant women



            • Non-Orthodontic Closure of Diastemas: An Interdisciplinary Approach- A Case Report
              Abstract: Diastemas in the anterior region are the most common aesthetic problem encountered in permanent dentitions which can occur as a result of developmental, pathological or iatrogenic reasons. Various therapies including restorative procedures, surgical correction of frenum and orthodontics are utilized in management of diastema to improve esthetics. Although literature recommend orthodontic treatment post frenectomy, we have opted for restorative approach following frenectomy technique without any orthodontic intervention. Presented here are case reports of a 22- and 19-year-old female patients with a high frenal attachment and orthodontic limitations that had caused spacing of the maxillary central incisors. Non-surgical periodontal therapy and a maxillary labial frenectomy were performed followed by restorative approach using laminate veneers. On follow-up of the case for 1 year it was observed that the space remained closed and there was no necessity for a re-orthodontic treatment to correct the diastema. These clinical cases demonstrate the efficacy of frenectomy and restorative therapy as a self-sufficient interdisciplinary approach for the correction of maxillary diastemas without orthodontic intervention.


              Keywords: Dental Esthetics, Digital Dentistry, Dental Veneers, Laser Surgery, Labial Frenectomy